Cindy writes about Physical AI, robotics, and the human data that teaches models to perceive and act, for Labelix.ai, an independent data foundry for robotics and multimodal AI.
28 articles, newest first

A humanoid that learns on the job from its operator, Xiaomi's eight-hour factory run, Apple training a humanoid mostly in simulation, and South Korea's national data factory for humanoids.

Vibe Robotics is building a wheeled, two-armed robot for hotel service work and proving it with a towel. Here's how Vibe 01 works, where the open-source Vibe A1 fits in, and why a folded towel is a harder test than it looks.

Meta reportedly built a household humanoid prototype with Fourier in about three months. The faster a robot body comes together, the more its value rests on the data that teaches it how a home works.

Google's reasoning model checks whether a task step succeeded, Bleu Robotics wants to teach factory robots from a handful of demonstrations, ROKAE puts force-controlled arms on a real factory line, and a new surgical robot venture keeps the surgeon in control.

Nvidia is releasing human activity data, OpenAI is stepping into hardware, Unitree is building a loop where AI refines its own robot code, and IDC shows humanoids moving from demos to real work.

Physical Intelligence's API beta takes over fine-tuning and inference. The more telling part is how its early partners improved their robots: by letting each failure decide what to record next.

Germany is reportedly preparing a major state-backed Nvidia partnership, ABB is closing the loop on its fashion-logistics robots, NEURA is giving robots memory, and Hong Kong is building a place to test them all.

A robot is only as well tested as the scenarios it faces. Here's how robotics teams design benchmarks, variations, edge cases, and scoring rules that produce reliable comparisons across policy versions.

Boston Dynamics trains its electric humanoid in simulation first, then proves each skill on real hardware. Here's how Atlas works, where Hyundai fits in, and why the data from real-world trials decides how far simulation can take it.

Humanoids are heading for the logistics floor, robots are getting a memory, and money keeps pouring into the people who film how humans work.

From detecting failed rollouts to diagnosing root causes, failure analysis helps robotics teams understand what went wrong and improve robot policies.

Apptronik has one robot, a handful of deep partnerships and a building where humanoids work all day to produce training data. Here's how Apollo works, how the company plans to sell it, and why the data matters as much as the hardware.

1X sold a home humanoid to consumers before most rivals had left the factory floor. Here's how NEO works, how 1X plans to make money, and why the plan rests on data from real homes.

A home robot you train with your phone, a startup betting on touch, a new five-finger hand, a shipyard trying autonomous welding, and NASA's open testbed.

Loss curves and simulation scores only tell part of the story. Here's how robot policy evaluation works, and what a trustworthy benchmark looks like.

An open-source robotics stack learns to work with AI agents, a humanoid gets a real training floor inside a car plant, and the industry gets its first official count from the IFR of how many humanoids have shipped.

From identifying weeds to harvesting crops, agricultural AI depends on accurately labeled images and real-world farming data.

A factory in China where robots build robots at a 10-minute pace, a robot brain trained on human hand data alone, a humanoid built to work without a safety cage, and Japan's robot ambulance.

Robotics annotation runs on judgment calls, not just labels. Here's why who does the labeling matters as much as how it's done.

A humanoid that spars with no one at the controls, a $100 million warehouse robot raise, Samsung reorganizing to build its own humanoid, and a fresh bet on the layer beneath every robot.

A warehouse robot and a home robot aren't learning from the same data. How training data requirements shift by deployment environment, and what stays constant no matter where a robot works.

Nscale bets $3.5B of compute on Figure, a dual-arm robot ties rebar on a building site, Medtronic puts $700M into surgical robotics, Lightberry opens reservations for a $39,990 humanoid on a Unitree body, and Nvidia pushes real inference to the edge.

Robot recordings capture behavior that unfolds over time. Annotation is what turns that into actions, states, events and outcomes a learning system can use.

Skild's S1 learns from one video, Figure scales human data with Index, humanoids race in Beijing, and XPENG raises to build IRON.

Simulation can accelerate robot training, but the physical world doesn't follow the rules of a simulator. Here's where simulated data works, where the reality gap appears, and why real-world data still matters.

Diversity, sensor coverage, and consistent annotation matter more than raw volume. Here's how to tell if a dataset can actually teach a robot.

From observation to operation: how robots acquire real-world skills.

Robots don't have to learn every job from scratch. They start with us.